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M. G. LEWIS. VISE.

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UNITED STATESv PATENT tron.

MORTIMER G. LEVIS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO THE LEWIS TOOL COMPANY, OF NEW YORK.

VISE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 597,681, dated January 18, 1898. Application filed January 7,1897. Serial No. 618,256. (No model.)

To tZZ whom t may concern.-

Be it known that I, MORTIMER G. LEWIS, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of New York, in the county and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Vises, of which the following is a specication.

My invention relates to vises or clamps such as are used by metal-Workers or woodworkers,

to permit the head t0 be turned whenever pur` posely desired. 4

To accomplish this object and to secure other and further advantages in the matters of construction, operation, and. use, my im-` provements involve certain novel and useful features of invention, as will be herein first fully described and then pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings I have shown a vise specially adapted for clamping the tubular frames of bicycles, and'constructed and arranged to operate in accordance with my invention and involving my improvements.

Of the drawings, Figure l is a vertical section and partial elevation upon a plane supposed to pass through the clamping-screw.

Fig. 2 is ahorizontal section and partial plan view also upon a plane supposed to pass through the clamping-screw. Fig. 3 is an elevation of the friction-disk detached from the other parts, and Fig. 4; is an edge view of the same. Fig. 5 is an elevation of the face of the back jaw upon a plane through line .fr m of Fig. l.

In all the gures like letters of reference, wherever they occur, indicate corresponding parts.

A is the front jaw of the vise, and B the back jaw. In the form shown these jaws are supplied with blocks of wood or other suitable material, with openings of various sizes to accommodate the tubes of bicycle frames, but these faces may be modified in substance or in form, depending upon the special work required of the vise.

O is the vise-arm which sustains the head and which is mounted in any suitable manner, either stationary or otherwise. Sometimes this arm is mounted on a stand which permits it to be moved up and down to regulate the height of the vise, and also permits the vise to be turned around its point of support, but the vise may be mounted in any manner.

D represents any form of table or bench or support for the vise.

The jaw B is provided with a central hollow stud E, j ournaled in the vise-arm, and on this stud the head, consisting of the two jaws, may be revolved to bring the work to any de- .sired'inclination F is the screw by which the front jaw is moved toward and from the back jaw to effeet the desired clamping. This screw takes into 'any form of nut-setting in or with which the vise-arm maybe supplied. G represents such a nut. The vise-head turns upon the stud E independently of the clamping-screwthat is, when it is turned it does not move the Screw.

Heretofore, in order to hold the head from accidentally turning on its central axis within the vise-arm, the clamping effect of the screw alone has been relied upon to produce friction between the turning jaw and the face of the arm against which it was made to abut directly. In practice it is found that the friction between these two metal faces is not enough for the purposes intended unless the screw be turned up so tight as to damage the work, and even then frequently not sufficient to prevent the turning cf the head. To 0bviate this severe clamping and to insure a sufficient amount of friction to prevent the head from accidentally turning even when the clamping-screw is not turned up, I supply the face of the vise-arm with a disk of some suitable material against which the back jaw may bear and with which it will produce a considerable amount of friction. For these purposes almost any material other than ironor steel would be found advantageous; but I IOO prefer to use a disk or plate of wood as being the most satisfactory, all things considered. However, the material of which this frictiondisk is made is not essential, and any suitable material may be employed.

To press the back jaw against the frictiondisk, I do not rely wholly upon the clampingscrew, as in other lforms of vises, but produce a constant bearing between these two parts by a spring or springs or equivalent means, operating independently of the vise-screw, and constantly, whether the vise-jaw be open or closed. To make this spring force the back jaw against the friction-disk, a collar I Vis placed upon the stud E and set in place by a suitable set-screw, as indicated, or in other substantial manner. of the arm I introduce ka spring or springs, as at K, and these press upon the collarI throughy an intervening washer, as L. This washer is merely for the purpose of permitting the collar to turn without wearing against the ends of the springs. The pressure of the springs is regulated by screws which enter threaded seats in the face of the arm back of the frietion-disk K and may be turned in or out, according to the pressure desired to be brought upon thecollar. The springs aord a yielding pressure, as will be readily understood, and they are regulated to'afford the amount that is necessary to keep the vise-head from revolving, while it sustains the work without being clamped up, and yet not so much as to interfere with the revolution of the head by the hand of the operator applied directly thereto or upon the end of the piece of work which may be sustained in the head. Vhen thework is in place and clamped by use of the clamping-screw, it will be seen that the back jaw is thereby forced against the friction-disk with a pressure additional to that Through the front face l produced by the pressure-springa'and this additional pressure is suihcient to keep the head from turning while the article is being Worked upon.

VN N are simply studs which guide the front Y cure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a vise having a revolving head, the combination with the vise-arm and the back jaw, of a friction-disk interposed between the arm and jaw, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2..In a vise, the combination ofthe vise- `arm, the back jaw having the central stud, a

collar fixed upon said stud, and an adjustable spring operatiu g upon said collar for the purpose and objects set forth. f

3. In a vise having a revolving head, the combination as before set forth, of the back jaw having a central stud, a friction-disk interposed between the back jaw and the visearm, a collar Xed on the central stud, a spring or springs arranged to operate against said collar, and means for regulating the pressure of the spring -or springs, substantially as shown and described.

Signedat New York, in the county and State of New York, this 5th day of January, A. D. 1897.

MORTIMER G. LEVIS.

Vitnesses:

W. J. MORGAN, WORTH OsGooD. 

